Webdriver implicit and explicit wait for element locator.

Today most of web application using Ajax, When page is load some element load in a different time of interval or some time request send without page loading if the element not present then it through element not found exception or not visible element etc.. To handle this Webdriver provides two type of wait “implicit” and “explicit” wait

Implicit Wait: implicit wait provide to load DOM object for a particular of time before trying to locate element on page. Default implicit wait is 0. We need to set implicit wait once and it apply for whole life of Webdriver object. Add below line of code in test for implicit wait. However implicit wait slow down execution of your test scripts if your application responding normally.

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

Example:

package com.test;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.Assert;

import org.openqa.selenium.*;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DataDrivenTest {

  private WebDriver driver;

  private String baseUrl;  

 

  @BeforeMethod

  public void setUp() throws Exception {

    driver = new FirefoxDriver();

    baseUrl = "http://www.wikipedia.org/";

    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

  }

  @Test 

  public void testUntitled() throws Exception {

    driver.get(baseUrl + "/wiki/Main_Page");

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchInput")).clear();

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchInput")).sendKeys("India");

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchButton")).click();

  

  }

  @AfterMethod

  public void tearDown() throws Exception {

    driver.quit();   

  } 

}

Explicit Wait: In explicit wait you can write custom code for a particular element to wait for particular time of period before executing next steps in your test. This provide you better option than implicit wait. Webdriver provide “WebDriverWait”, “ExpectedCondition” classes to implement this.
ExpectedConditions class provide some set of predefine condition to wait element. Here is some condition which is use in ExpectedConditions class:

• alertIsPresent() : Alert is present
• elementSelectionStateToBe: an element state is selection.
• elementToBeClickable: an element is present and clickable.
• elementToBeSelected: element is selected
• frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt: frame is available and frame selected.
• invisibilityOfElementLocated: an element is invisible
• presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy: present element located by.
• refreshed: wait for a particular condition when page refresh.
•  textToBePresentInElement: text present on particular an element
• textToBePresentInElementValue: and element value present for a particular element.
• visibilityOf: an element visible.
• titleContains: title contains

Example:

package com.test;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.Assert;

import org.openqa.selenium.*;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DataDrivenTest {

  private WebDriver driver;

  private String baseUrl;

 

 

  @BeforeMethod

  public void setUp() throws Exception {

    driver = new FirefoxDriver();

    baseUrl = "http://www.wikipedia.org/";

    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

  }

  @Test

  public void testUntitled() throws Exception {

    driver.get(baseUrl + "/wiki/Main_Page");

   

    //explicit wait for search field

    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);

    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("searchInput")));

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchInput")).clear();     

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchInput")).sendKeys("India");

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchButton")).click();

 

  }

  @AfterMethod

  public void tearDown() throws Exception {

    driver.quit();   

  } 

}

Custom-expected condition: webdriver provide you to create custom wait condition.
Here is an example:

package com.test;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.Assert;

import org.openqa.selenium.*;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DataDrivenTest {

  private WebDriver driver;

  private String baseUrl;

 

 

  @BeforeMethod

  public void setUp() throws Exception {

    driver = new FirefoxDriver();

    baseUrl = "http://www.wikipedia.org/";

    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

  }

  @Test 

  public void testUntitled() throws Exception {

    driver.get(baseUrl + "/wiki/Main_Page");

   

   //custom explicit wait for search field   

   new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

                           .until(new ExpectedCondition(){

                           @Override

                           public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {

                           return d.findElement(By.id("searchInput"));

                           }});

   

   

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchInput")).sendKeys("India");

    driver.findElement(By.id("searchButton")).click();

  

  }

  @AfterMethod

  public void tearDown() throws Exception {

    driver.quit();   

  } 

}